Ethical issues in journalism, advertising, PR, and entertainment 

       In journalism journalist have to give the full truth to the public or they could lose clients and lose money. PR groups are able to give a bias view on the company they are working for and to make them look better and have the public favorable to their product. Journalist work against PR groups to give the public a clear view on these companies. Entertainment groups may use PR groups or journalists to advertise and promote their new media. Puffery comes into play with advertising. Puffery involves a opinion statement about the product. For example like Red bull saying "Red bull gives you wings" it obviously won't give you wings. People don't perceive them as factual.  

       

Issues with ethical decision making 

       "The publics right to know" is always brought up but is it really? Utilitarianism is used in these arguments all the time. A example of one this argument is a business lets use a supermarket, using unsafe methods of distributing food and a news station covers it and gets the business store shut down. By doing so it can take people out jobs and if it was only supermarket around it will effect all the residents that would get their food there. So in that situation who really comes out on top other then just a story? A way to prevent that is using the Potter box. First you find the issues in the situation, then you will pick your values you want to use, after you find the reasoning you will use, and last you find out who you are loyal to.

Major systems of ethical reasoning 

       The major systems of ethical reasoning is character, or virtue ethics, Duties, consequences, and relationships, or dialogical ethics. So lets talk about character, or virtue ethics first. This means the characteristics and values that you believe in and want to live your life by and so you follow them. Some examples are courage, chastity, honesty, modesty, and many more. Duties are like the rules you come up with based on your virtue that you follow regardless of the outcome. A example of that would be the Golden rule which states "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you." Consequences is a way you can judge good or bad. Utilitarianism and social justice are parts of consequences. Utilitarianism does the greatest good for the greatest number of people. A example of that is having 3 or 4 people die to save 50. Social justice is the most fairness for everyone. Relationships, or dialogical ethics allows you to bring your relationship into the situation. So if 3 kids are drowning and one of them is your kid you're allowed to save your own even though it goes against your morals. 

Elements in media ethics 

       In media ethics you have ethics, morals, and laws. Ethics is about moral questions and whats right from wrong and being level headed. Morals is also what we believe is right from wrong. Laws are not the same as ethics though. Laws may or may not be based on on moral precepts.